Abstract: Aiming at the high stress and the large deformation of the surrounding rock caused by the dynamic pressure of the open coal mining in the Tashan coal mine,analyzing the principle of unloading pressure and preset parameters.The principle of unloading and presetting parameters are analyzed,and then based on the dynamic evolution of the surrounding rock stress in the process of coal mining,the stress changes of the surrounding rock in the process of mining are analyzed in the cases of if there were any relieving roadway by using RFPA simulation software.The results show that the reasonable width between the pressure relief roadway and the coal pillar is 15m;during the mining process, the shear stress of the roadway surrounding rock reaches the maximum value when the working surface is pushed 180m,and shear deformation occurred within 6 m of the working face due to plastic deformation;by digging relieving roadway,the maximum pressure of the coal pillar is reduced by 22.6%, the maximum shear stress is reduced by nearly 50%,the surrounding rock stress of the crossheading and the shear stress of the roof and floor are also reduced in different degrees.The results provide a reference for the layout of the relieving roadway in the thick coal seam.